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Child Development Course Guide

Guide for research based assignment in early child development and education.

APA General Format and End of Text References

General formatting requirements for paper and reference page. Read more about general formatting on APA Style website and be sure to check the exact requirements for your assignment. 

  • Double-space, 1" margins on all sides, APA  allows multiple fonts such as 11 point size Arial and 12 point size Times New Roman. You can find all font recommendations here. 
  • Include a title page with: the title of the paper, your name, your course number and name, instructor, due date and the institutional affiliation (Blackhawk Technical College). 
  • Insert page numbers, student papers do not have to include what is referred to as a "running head" (the title of your paper appearing on every page) unless requested by your instructor:
  • Include a reference page at the end of your paper with the heading "References" that gives complete list of sources used in alphabetical order by author's last name. The reference page should also be double spaced. 
  • Cite each source in APA format on the reference page as well as in the text of your paper

In APA Citation, you must have a reference page at the end of your paper that gives complete information in alphabetical order by author's last name for every source you used within your paper.  Below is the format for the citations included in your reference page for Journal Articles.

To cite a journal article on your reference page, include the following elements: 

  • Author/s
  • Year it was published 
  • Title of the article
  • Name of the Journal in italic case
  • Volume, Issue and Page Numbers
  • DOI (Digital Object Identifier, usually appears as a link)

Organize and style these elements using APA guidelines (with a hanging indent) so that readers may access the sources used. 

Template for Journal Article Citation for the Reference Page

Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Year of Publication). Title of article: Capital after colon. Title of Journal, Volume (Issue), Page Numbers. DOI

Example of Journal Article Citation 

Delhy, R., Dor, A., & Pittman, P. (2021). The Impact of Nursing Staff on Satisfaction Scores for U.S. Hospitals: A Production Function Approach. Medical Care Research & Review, 78(6), 672–683. https://doi-org/10.1177/1077558720950572

In APA Citation, you must have a reference page at the end of your paper that gives complete information in alphabetical order by author's last name for every source you used within your paper except for personal communication (an interview). Below is the format for the citations included in your reference page for books and eBooks:

To cite a book or eBook on your reference page, include the following elements: 

  • Author/s. If Edited, include editor/s name/s after the authors. Use the abbreviation “(Ed.)” for one editor and the abbreviation “(Eds.)” for multiple editors after the editor names, followed by a period
  • Year it was published 
  • Title and edition if included
  • Publisher name
  • DOI (Digital Object Identifier, usually appears as a link) if included

Organize and style these elements using APA guidelines (with a hanging indent) so that readers may access the sources used.

Template for a Book Citation on a Reference Page

Author, A. A. (Year of publication). Title of work: Capital letter also for subtitle and Edition Number. Publisher Name. DOI (if available)

Example of a edited Book Citation on a Reference Page 

Anderson, W. W., Lee, R., & Lee, R. G. (Eds.). (2005). Displacements and Diasporas: Asians in the Americas. Rutgers University Press.

In APA Citation, individual webpages and documents hosted online are cited similarly to print content. Note, however, that the URL is typically included at the end of the entry. The URL may not last, so it is important to include complete information about your source just as you would for print sources so that readers can find your source information.

To cite a webpage such as an online news article on your reference page, include the following elements: 

  • Author, when individual author(s) are credited on the webpage, for a page from an organization’s website without individual authors, use the name of the organization as the author.
  • Date it was published if possible
  • Title of the webpage or news story in italic case
  • Name of the website or organization that published the content
  • URL 

Organize and style these elements using APA guidelines (with a hanging indent) so that readers may access the sources used. 

Template for a Webpage Citation on a Reference Page

Author Last Name, A. & Author Last Name, B. (Date of publication: Year, Month Date). Title of webpage. Website Title.  https://www.someaddress.com/full/url/

Example of News Article found on Webpage

Mercado, M. (2021, Aug 04). Land access a barrier for refugee farmers in the metro: A 2017 survey of young farmers across the U.S. found land access to be the number one challenge for farmers and ranchers. Des Moines Register. https://btclibraryproxy.idm.oclc.org/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/newspapers/land-access-barrier-refugee-farmers-metro/docview/2557686601/se-2?accountid=9126

See color coded examples of citation.